JEPARA: Juli 2011

Minggu, 31 Juli 2011

MACAM-MACAM KAPASITOR

II. Wujud dan Macam Kondensator

Berdasarkan kegunaannya kondensator kita bagi dalam:

1. Kapasitor Tetap (nilai kapasitasnya tetap tidak dapat diubah)

2. Kapasitor Electrolit (Electrolite Condenser = Elco)

3. Kapasitor Variabe(nilai kapasitasnya dapat diubah-ubah)

1. Kondensator Tetap

Suatu kondensator yang nilainya konstan dan tidak berubah-ubah. Kondensator tetap ada tiga macam bentuk:

1.A. Kondensator Keramik (Ceramic Capacitor)

Bentuknya ada yang bulat tipis, ada yang persegi empat berwarna merah, hijau, coklat dan lain-lain. Dalam pemasangan di papan rangkaian (PCB), boleh dibolak-balik karena tidak mempunyai kaki positif dan negative. Mempunyai kapasitas mulai dari beberapa piko Farad sampai dengan ratusan Kilopiko Farad (KpF). Dengan tegangan kerja maksimal 25 volt sampai 100 volt, tetapi ada juga yang sampai ribuan volt.

Contoh misal pada badannya tertulis = 203, nilai kapasitasnya = 20.000 pF = 20 KpF = 0, 02 µF.

Jika pada badannya tertulis = 502, nilai kapasitasnya = 5.000 pF = 5 KpF = 0,005 µF

1.B. Kondensator Polyester

Pada dasarnya sama saja dengan kondensator keramik begitu juga cara menghitung nilainya. Bentuknya persegi empat seperti permen. Biasanya mempunyai warna merah, hijau, coklat dan sebagainya.

1.C. Kondensator Kertas

Kondensator kertas ini sering disebut juga kondensator padder. Misal pada radio dipasang seri dari spul osilator ke variabel condensator. Nilai kapasitas yang dipakai pada sirkuit oscilator antara lain:

Kapasitas 200 pF - 500 pF untuk daerah gelombang menengah (Medium Wave / MW) = 190 meter - 500 meter.

Kapasitas 1.000 pF - 2.200 pF untuk daerah gelombang pendek (Short Wave / SW) SW 1 = 40 meter - 130 meter.

Kapasitas 2.700 pF - 6.800 pF untuk daerah gelombang SW 1, 2, 3 dan 4, = 13 meter - 49 meter.

Nilai kapasitasnya ada yang tertulis langsung ada juga ada pula yang memakai kode warna.

salah satu jenis dari Kondensator Kertas:

Table Perkalian Kondensator Kertas

Warna	Nomor	Faktor Perkalian	Toleransi	Voltase maksimum
Hitam	0	×1	±20%
Coklat	1	×10¹		100V
Merah	2	×10²		250V
Jingga	3	×10³		250V
Kuning	4	×10⁴		400V
Hijau	5	×10⁵		400V
Biru	6			630V
Ungu	7			630V
Abu-abu	8			630V
Putih	9		±10%	630V

Sabtu, 30 Juli 2011

Kondensator (Capasitor)

Kondensator (Capasitor) is a device that can store energy in electric field, by collecting the internal imbalance of electric charge condenser has a unit called the Farad Discovered by Michael Faraday (1971-1867).Condenser is now also known as a "capacitor", but the word"condenser" is still used today. The first named by AlessandroVolta in 1782 seorangilmuwan Italy (from the Italiancondensatore), regarding the ability of the tooluntukmenyimpan a high electrical charge than other components. Most languages and use English negaratidak stillrefers to the Italian word "condensatore", like the Frenchlanguage condensateur, Indonesia and Germany or SpainCondensador condenser.

The structure of a capacitor made of two pieces of metal plates separated by a dielectric materialdielektrikBahan-commonly known as air vacuum, ceramics,glass and others. If the metal plate keduaujung given voltage, the positive charges will accumulate on one kakielektroda)metal and at the same time the negative charges accumulatedon the metal tip of the satulagi. The positive charge can not flow toward the negative pole and the opposite end of thenegative charge to the end of the pole bisamenuju not positive,because the dielectric material separated by a non-conductive.Initersimpan electric charge "as long as there is no conductionat the ends of the legs

Basic principle

of capacitor

Condenser has identified two legs and two poles, namely the positive and negative as well as having a liquid electrolyte andgenerally tubular.

Coat condenser (having positive and negative poles) on theelectronic scheme.

.While most of the other types of rated capacity is lower, does not have a positive or negative pole on his feet, mostly in the form of flat round brown, red, green and others such as tabletsor shirt button that is often called a capacitor (capacitor)

The symbol of a capacitor (not having poles) on the electronicscheme

     But the habits and conditions and the articulation of the language of each country depends on a society that is morefrequently mentioned. Now the mere mention of the habits ofone of the most dominant names in use or more frequentlyheard. At present, a condenser is often called a capacitor(capacitor) or conversely that the science of electronics is abbreviated with the letter (C).
     In the condenser unit called the Farad. One farad = 9 x 1011cm ² which means luaspermukaan pieces into 1 Farad is equal to 106 microfarads (μF), so 1 μF = 9 x 105 cm ².
     Units of square centimeters (cm ²) are rarely used because it is not practical, the units are widely used are: